Ed Wood (1994)

Edward D. Wood, Jr. is often regarded as the worst director in cinema history. He might have been destined for obscurity if it wasn’t for the 1980 book “The Golden Turkey Awards” by Harry and Michael Medved.  In their book, Wood was voted the “worst director of all time” and his magnum opus Plan 9 from Outer Space was voted “the worst movie of all time.” This brought Wood new found fame among bad movies aficionados, who eagerly sought out his body of work.  Wood was a fairly interesting character, not only was a bad movie auteur but also – a World War II vet (he survived one of the bloodiest battles in the South Pacific); a writer of lurid pulp novels; a pornographer (after his failed career in Hollywood he relegated himself into making hardcore porn); and a transvestite.  His pseudo-documentary Glen or Glenda is (rightfully) ridiculed for its sheer ineptitude, but it’s also one of the most personal movies ever committed to celluloid – it’s based on Wood’s own struggles to come to terms with his cross dressing.   His movies are genuinely unique, even if they are terrible. He was a true auteur!  It is no wonder that Tim Burton was compelled to tell Ed Wood’s story – he is the ultimate misfit. 

It is important to note that Ed Wood is not your typical Hollywood biopic. It only focuses on a small portion of Wood’s life (1953 – 1959) and completely plays around with the facts – it glosses over Wood’s alcoholism and omits his brief marriage to Norma McCarty. It recreates the behind the scenes of three Wood movies – Glen or Glenda, Bride of the Monster, and Plan 9 from Outer Space – but skips over the making of Jail Bait (which was shot on the same sets as Glen or Glenda).  While most of Wood’s stock company is portrayed in the movie, Lyle Talbot is noticeably absent (even though he appeared in three of Wood’s movies).  

There are also a lot of liberties taken in the storytelling (mostly for comedic effect); in the movie, while making Bride of the Monster, Ed talks Bela Lugosi into wrestling with a rubber octopus in a pond, when in reality it was a stunt double (this is even more obvious in the cleaned up DVD of Bride of the Monster).  There has been a dispute as to how Loretta King was cast in Bride of the Monster – in the movie, Ed mistakenly believes that Loretta has the money to finance the entire production (after she lends him two hundred dollars) and he cast her in the lead out of obligation, while Loretta King claims that she was contacted by Wood, via her agent, and that money was never a factor.  I tend to be believe King’s account of the story, because while filming Bride of the Monster Wood ran out of money and had to briefly shutdown production until he could get financing – so,  if King was cast under false pretenses, then wouldn’t Wood just recast the role once production started up again?  It should be noted that it was Dolores Fuller, Ed Wood’s ex-girlfriend and one time lead actress, who kept pushing this story about Loretta King. Initially, Fuller was supposed to play the heroine in Bride of Monster but Wood eventually cast King in the role.  There is a theory that Wood lied to Fuller about the circumstance of King’s casting in a desperate attempt to let his girlfriend down gently.  “I desperately wanted to cast you in the lead role, baby, but she has all the money.  I need to placate her whims.”  Either way, Fuller’s account of Loretta King is second hand, at best, and is fairly biased towards Ed Wood.   Also, despite what the movie claims, Loretta King was not allergic to water.  

The movie is less of a biography of Wood and more a retelling of his life through a fairy tale lens.  Wood, as played by Johnny Depp, is an enthusiastic, good natured young man who is looking for the big break. He desperately wants to make movies but just can’t seem to get his foot into the door.  He finally gets a chance when he learns that sleazy producer, George Weiss, is making a biography of Christine Jorgenson and Wood manages to convince Weiss he is the man for the job because of his cross dressing history.  Weiss grudgingly hands Wood the assignment and then is dismayed (albeit briefly) that Wood’s script has nothing to do with Christine Jorgenson, but he really doesn’t care too much about the content as long as Wood delivers the movie on time and it makes a profit.  The running gag throughout the movie is that Wood often has to swindle his way into making movies; he’ll do anything because the ends justify the means.  When his landlord tells him that his church is interested in making a series of movies on the apostles, Wood tells him that they should invest their money into a proven genre (science fiction) and then they can use the profits from that film to finance their apostle movies.  He then persuades the church to fund Plan 9 From Outer Space (they later regret the decision after seeing Wood’s absent minded approach to filmmaking).  When they point out all errors in a scene, Wood barks back, “movies are not about the small details, they are about the big picture.”  What is incredible about this scene is that, despite the legitimate criticism of his backers, we find ourselves siding with Wood. The movie does such an excellent job of portraying Wood as an underdog figure that we naturally root for him, despite his lack of talent. 

The heart of the movie is the relationship between Ed Wood and Bela Lugosi (wonderfully played by Martin Landau).  There is an interesting dynamic between the two men - Wood is a fairly young man struggling to get into the movie business while Lugosi is washed up movie star who has been forgotten by the industry.  The two of them are kindred spirits despite their age gap.  Wood’s relationship with women is pretty much secondary:  His girlfriend, Dolores Fuller, leaves him midway through the movie and his courtship of Kathy (his second wife) is extremely rushed.  The two of them meet while Bela is in rehab and then Ed Wood woos her at a carnival. 

 Burton really isn’t interesting in this aspect of Wood’s life (probably because it is too conventional for his sensibilities).  The most moving scene in the movie is not when Ed wins over Kathy, but rather when he persuades Bela, hopped up on pain killers, to check into rehab. Up until this scene, the movie was been fairly light hearted, but this scene is extremely nightmarish.  Everything is a state of disarray– Bela’s household is a complete mess and he his babbling incoherently. At one point he pulls out a gun and insists that Ed and him should kill themselves. Ed defuses the situation by calmly talking Bela down and then driving his friend to rehab.  Both of the actors are spot on in their performances – Landau is so good that  you can genuinely feel  Bela’s pain and confusion, and Depp rather effectively underplays the scene - instead of trying to compete with Landau, he basically stands back and gives Landau room to perform. It is a nice give and take between the two talented actors.  This is the rare instance where Ed is the voice of reason. He is clueless most of time, but when it comes to his friendship with Bela he is absolutely committed.  

There is the criticism that Wood exploited Bela Lugosi’s name to further his own career – this view is largely expressed by Bela Lugosi, Jr. in the documentary The Haunted World of Ed Wood.  Lugosi, Jr. views his father’s work with Wood as being the absolute “bottom of the barrel” and a total disgrace to his father’s memory.  In all fairness to Junior, he isn’t wrong – his father’s appearances in Glen or Glenda and Bride of the Monster are huge step down from Dracula, The Black Cat, and, hell, Abbott & Costello Meet Frankenstein. However, what Lugosi, Jr. conveniently overlooks is that his father’s career had already reached the bottom of the barrel long before his association with Ed Wood. The year before Lugosi appeared in Glen or Glenda he starred in a truly execrable comedy called Bela Lugosi Meets a Brooklyn Gorilla  (which featured the second rate comedy duo  Sammy Petrillo and Duke Mitchell – a Martin & Lewis knockoff).  Truth to be told, if you take the time to look at Lugosi’s filmography, you will find that the bad movies greatly outnumber the good ones. While it’s true the Wood movies are bottom of the barrel, it’s a bit disingenuous of Junior to blame Wood for his father’s downfall.

 Did Wood exploit the Lugosi name? Definitely.  Was it sole reason he cast Lugosi in his movies? Definitely not.   While a few curious filmmakers might have been drawn into by Lugosi’s billing on the movie poster, the fact is he wasn’t exactly a major star at this point in his career.  In the 1950s he was pretty much forgotten – it wouldn’t be until the sixties that he would become a cult figure. I believe Wood genuinely cared about Lugosi and did whatever he could to get his friend work – like writing a nonsensical role in the pseudo-documentary Glen or Glenda. I’ m sure having Lugosi as his “star” persuaded investors to fund his movie, but the fact is these roles seem tailor made for Bela (especially the made scientist in Bride of the Monster).  To be honest, other than the Wood pictures, the movies Lugosi made in the 1950s are pretty forgettable.  

There is an interesting parallel between Ed Woods friendship with Bela Lugosi and Tim Burton’s friendship with Vincent Price – they were both fairly young filmmakers who befriended aging horror icons.  Vincent Price did the narration for Burton’s animated short, Vincent, and then later appeared in Edward Scissorhands, while Lugosi spent his final years making movies for Ed Wood.  However, unlike Wood before him, Burton managed to find mainstream success fairly early in his career (his third feature length movie was Batman) and Price never quite reached the bottom of the barrel that Lugosi did.  Lugosi spent most of his career living in the shadow of Dracula, while Price managed to adapt with the times (most people from my generation know him for the rap he did on Michael Jackson’s “Thriller.”) 

Is Edward D. Wood, Jr. truly the worst director of all time? Is Plan 9 from Outer Space the worst movie of all time? My answer is a staunch…..NO!!!!  Granted, it’s this title that made Wood a posthumous celebrity but it’s simply not true.  Sure, Ed Wood’s movies are bad, but they are also fairly watchable.  There is also a nice sincerity about Wood’s movies – he genuinely loved the medium of filmmaking and wanted to tell compelling stories.  Unfortunately, his movies are interesting for all the wrong reasons but at least the passion there.  In all honesty, Wood often displayed some flashes of competence – the nightmare sequence in Glen or Glenda is genuinely creepy and disorienting;  Bela Lugosi is genuinely good in Bride of the Monster; and there a few atmospheric shots of Tor Johnson and Vampira wandering through the cemetery in Plan 9 From Outer Space.  I can think of a few filmmakers that are more deserving of the worst director of all time:  Coleman Francis, Larry Buchanan, Dwain Esper, to name a few.  These filmmakers were in the movie industry for monetary gain and would gladly have given up the craft if they could find an easier way to make money.  There also plenty of movies that are infinitely worse than Plan 9 from Outer Space, I will gladly name a few:  The Creeping Terror, The Beast of Yucca Flats, Manos: The Hands of Fate, Child Bride, Mesa of Lost Women, They Saved Hitler’s Brain, and Larry Buchanan’s entire filmography. Compared to these movies, Plan 9 from Outer Space is a veritable masterpiece.  

 While Ed Wood was a critical success, it was a complete dud at the box office. This isn't too surprising given that the vast majority of movie goers probably have never heard of Ed Wood - his movies appeal to a fairly niche audience. Ed Wood is not only Burton's most personal film, but it also signified the end of his "Golden Era."  Beginning with Pee-Wee's Big Adventure in 1985 and ending with Ed Wood in 1994, Tim Burton had nearly a decade of solid film making under his belt. He was truly a unique movie director - but after the financial failure of Ed Wood his movies became increasingly more inconsistent and, worst of all, forgettable.   He has basically relegated himself to big budget remakes of classic movies and TV shows- with the occasional "personal" film thrown in for good measure.  His newer movies feel less like a personal statement and more like a corporate product meant for mass consumption.  I'm not going to begrudge Tim Burton his success (he absolutely earned it) but it's shame to see a once unique and extremely original filmmaker get swallowed up by the Hollywood system.

Credits

Cast: Johnny Depp (Ed Wood), Martin Landau (Bela Lugosi), Sarah Jessica Parker (Dolores Fuller), Patricia Arquette (Kathy O’ Hara), Bill Murray (Bunny Breckinridge), Jeffrey Jones (Criswell), Lisa Marie (Vampira), George “The Animal” Steele (Tor Johnson), Juliet Landau (Loretta King), Mike Starr (George Weiss), Max Casella (Paul Marco), Brett Hinkley (Conrad Brooks), Clive Rosengren (Ed Reynolds), G.D. Spradlin (Reverend Lemon), Vincent D’ Onofrio (Orson Welles), Ned Bellamy (Dr. Tom Mason), Rance Howard (Old Man McCoy).

Director: Tim Burton
Writers: Scott Alexander, Larry Karaszewski.
Running  time: 126 min.